Substitution Function
This is a function that is used in Strong and Weak Aggregating Algorithms to make their prediction. They mix losses of the experts using their weights, and receive the so-called generalized prediction. It is not always a real prediction, and the substitution function is needed to make it. The substitution function {⚠ $S$
} is such a function that for {⚠ $\gamma=S(g)$
} the {⚠ $\lambda(\omega,\gamma) \le g(\omega)$
} for all {⚠ $\omega \in \Omega$
}. For various loss functions substitution functions are different.